Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM) & Expertise

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Abstract

Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM) research has developed over the past three decades to become a mainstream applied research paradigm. NDM models, tools and techniques have been utilised in domains as diverse as aviation and aerospace, sport, music, nuclear, manufacturing, banking, maritime, defence, medicine, oil and gas, and rail. NDM scholars and practitioners are part of an established self organising community of practice who examine ill-structured problems; uncertain dynamic environments; shifting, ill-defined or competing goals; action/feedback loops; time stress; high stakes; multiple players, constrained by organizational goals and norms. Using examples from a range of professional groups, this presentation will contend that an understanding of NDM theory and methods may be helpful to practitioners and academics working with professionals’ cognition and decision making under uncertainty. Evidence from field studies show that experts engage in adaptive, flexible sensemaking and research has utilized novel methodologies for examining and eliciting the processes of this expert tacit knowledge.  This presentation will review these methodologies and the emerging evidence that NDM  offers a post Kahneman framework to increasing our understanding of positive professional expert heuristics.

REFERENCES

Ward, P., Schraagen, J. M., Gore, J., & Roth, E. (2020). Oxford Handbook of Expertise: Research & Application. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Gore, J.  Ward, P, Conway, G., Ormerod, T., Wong, W. & Stanton N.  (Eds)(2018) Naturalistic Decision Making: Navigating Uncertainty in Complex Sociotechnical Work Special Issue Cognition Technology & Work. 20 (4) 521-527

Gore, J., McDowall, A., Banks, A.  (2018) Advancing ACTA:  developing socio-cognitive competence/insight.  Cognition Technology and Work, 20 (4) 555-563

Gore, J. & Ward, P.  (Eds) (2018) Naturalistic Decision Making and Macrocognition Under Uncertainty: Theoretical & Methodological Developments. Journal of Applied Memory & Cognition. 7 (1) 33-34.

Ward, P., Gore, J.  Hutton, R. J. B., Conway, G. & Hoffman, R. R. (2018) Adaptive Skill as The Sine Qua Non of Expertise.  Journal of Applied Memory and Cognition.  7 (1) 35-50.

Gore, J. & Conway, G.E. (2016) Modeling and aiding intuition in organizational decision making: a call for bridging academia and practice. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition.

4 (3)164-168.

Gore, J., Flin, R., Stanton, N., & Wong, W. (2015). Applications for Naturalistic Decision Making In Gore, J., Flin, R.,  Stanton, N., & Wong, W. (Eds)Applications of Naturalistic Decision Making Special Issue of the Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology.  Vol, 88, 223-230.

• NDM podcast https://naturalisticdecisionmaking.org/2020/10/19/julie-gore/

The Speaker

Julie Gore is a Chartered Psychologist, Fellow of the British Psychological Society,

Reader in Organizational Psychology in the School of Management, and Director of the Centre of Qualitative Research, at the University of Bath, UK.   Julie has previously served as a member of the editorial board of Frontiers in Organizational Psychology, is currently a member of the board, British Journal of Management and is the Incoming Editor, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology.

Julie’s applied research is centred on the psychology of how people take decisions in professional contexts. Utilising task analysis techniques she explores cognition and naturalistic decision making (NDM); eliciting and documenting expertise in ill-defined organisational contexts.  Her work has captured the cognitive processes of a diverse range of professionals including: the military, engineering, day trading, aviation, government intelligence services and management.

Julie’s research activities have been funded by both RCUK funding bodies and by innovative forms of funding/sponsorship from a range of organisations.   She is currently a central member of Nasdaq's Behavioural Science Academic Advisory Lab.  Notably, she was recently awarded a 2020 Journal of Management Scholarly Impact Award for her theoretical developments and practical insights in the application of psychology to executive decision reward.